In 1975, officials celebrated the completion of the Lower Snake River dams, a $1 billion project that turned Lewiston, Idaho, into an inland port and boosted energy, irrigation, and shipping. Concerns over the dams’ impact on salmon and steelhead quickly emerged and have persisted for decades. A Biden-era agreement to explore breaching the dams for fish recovery—backed by tribes and Northwest states—was recently ended by the Trump administration. Rep. Dan Newhouse supports keeping the dams, favoring alternative salmon recovery efforts. Nez Perce Tribal Chairman Shannon Wheeler argues that breaching is essential to honor treaty rights and restore salmon populations. The Pacific Northwest remains sharply divided over whether to prioritize economic benefits or ecological and tribal responsibilities.